Electrocochleography and vestibular evoked myogenic potential test in Meniere’s disease

Electrocochleography and vestibular evoked myogenic potential test in Meniere’s disease
Sasan Dabiri Satri, Nasrin Yazdani, Payam Abolhasani, Behrouz Amirzargar,
Nima Rezazadeh
Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Introduction: as Meniere’s disease is a chronic inner ear dysfunction without any definite diagnostic tools, the goal of study was evaluation the results of electrocochleography (ECoG) and cervical vestibular evoked potential (cVEMP) tests in adult patients with definite Meniere’s disease and correlation of these both
tests with each other.

Patients and Methods: 62 patients after excluding ones with previous history of otologic surgery or injections or neurologic disorders were enrolled. Click sound
stimulation for ECoG and tone burst sound stimulation (500 Hz) for cVEMP test were used. Summation potential (SP) to action potential (AP) ratio more than 0.4
was accepted as elevated ECoG. In addition, absent wave, elevated threshold, or abnormal morphology was considered negative cVEMP test. All tests were done in
non-active phase of disease according to clinical findings.

Results: 58% of patients were female and mean age of patients were 43.66 years old. Mean follow up in them were 46.8 months. 75% of patients had elevated ECoG
and in whom that disease were on right side according to AAO-HNS guideline (29 patients), 79.3% had elevated results while in patients with left side clinical disease
(27 patients), elevated ratio was 66.8%. The results for cVEMP test are as the following: 71% had negative cVEMP overall, while in 58.6% of patients with right sided disease and 77.3% of those with left sided disease, test results were negative. Pearson correlation coefficient of both tests were not statistically significant. No
correlation between age or duration of disease and test results were seen.

Conclusion: as both tests had some beneficial helps for diagnosing Meniere’s disease, none of them cannot be used as a diagnostic modality. Combination of both tests for diagnosis may be helpful, as they did not had significant correlation.